In Vietnam, the Cao Dai religion has emerged as a unique amalgamation of monotheism and polytheism in the early twentieth century. The term “Cao Dai” literally translates to “a high place,” epitomizing the highest realm where God reigns. It is also a shortened name for God in the Cao Dai religion, known as “Cao Dai Tien Ong Dai Bo Tat Ma Ha Tat,” symbolizing the Ancient Sage and the Great Bodhisattva Mahasattva.
The Essence of Cao Dai
According to the official Cao Dai website, the religion embraces the concept that all religions share a common divine origin, be it God, Allah, the Tao, or the Nothingness. It advocates for universal principles based on love and justice, perceiving different religions as diverse manifestations of one universal truth. Cao Dai believers firmly believe that God is the founder of both the religion and the universe itself. Every doctrine, system, and organizational symbol within Cao Dai is directly appointed by “Cao Dai.”
Cao Dai Temple, Tay Ninh Province. Photo: @maciek.paszek_notowpolske
A Synthesis of Major Religions
Cao Dai is considered a relatively new religious movement, blending the core principles of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism. Its adherents devoutly follow religious practices such as prayer, ancestor veneration, nonviolence, and vegetarianism. The ultimate goal of Cao Dai followers is to achieve liberation from the cycle of birth and death. With a widespread following across 38 provinces, the number of Cao Dai adherents in Vietnam ranges from two to three million, solidifying its status as one of the country’s major religions.
Inside Cao Dai Temple. Photo: @zaparatemdookolaswiata
The Heart of Cao Dai: Tay Ninh Province
Tay Ninh Province is recognized as the stronghold of the Cao Dai religion, serving as the religion’s birthplace in 1926 and the seat of Cao Dai’s authority. The Tay Ninh Holy See encompasses an array of magnificent architectural structures closely associated with the Cao Dai faith. Located in the northern part of Long Thanh, Hoa Thanh District, Tay Ninh Town, the Holy See is situated just 4 km southeast of Tay Ninh. Additionally, there is another noteworthy Cao Dai Temple found in the town of Duong Dong.
To explore the rich spiritual traditions of Cao Dai and witness its architectural splendor, visit “Rừng Cúc Phương”. Immerse yourself in the harmonious blend of monotheism and polytheism that Cao Dai offers, creating a unique religious experience found only in Vietnam.
